The glorious literary monument of history

 Jiangsu Zhang Xuesong

 

  Lin Yutang once said, "Poetry is the religion of the Chinese people。Indeed, if it starts from the Book of Songs, it is still there today。  Tang Dynasty is undoubtedly the "golden age" in the history of Chinese literature, and also the "spring" of poetry.。  More than a hundred years before the "An Shi Rebellion" in the Tang Dynasty, due to the correct political integrity and national policy, the emperor and subjects navigated with one heart, until the prosperous era of Kaiyuan, the political economy, military culture and other social aspects had reached the peak period of Chinese feudal society。  The Tang Dynasty was a great era。  伟大的时代需要伟大的诗人伟大的作品，伟大的诗人伟大的作品必然也只能产生于伟大的时代！  唐朝也是一个美的时代。  Calligraphy, painting, music, dancing beauty, Tang three-color beautiful, big and small wild goose pagoda is also beautiful, even plain paper Xue Tao paper is also beautiful。   而唐诗更美！  唐诗不仅在诗的题材方面有所拓展，The outstanding point is the addition of landscape idyllic poems, farewell poems, love poems and frontier poems，And in the depth of thought strength and artistic skills are also innovative，In addition to the common beauty of traditional poetry, Tang poetry is characterized by its personality and subject matter。  而且，No matter what kind of subject matter Tang poetry，In later generations, it can be "prose culture" and "novelization".，Even though it's a poem，But once translated into modern Chinese，You have the beauty of prose, the beauty of fiction.，This also shows that any kind of literary work needs to be "re-created"，Perhaps this is what is commonly referred to as the "swimming" of literary works。As the "literature of the generation", "Tang poetry" is even more so - the exquisite "beautiful jade" can always be played endlessly, which also shows that the literary value of Tang poetry will not weaken with the change of time。   First, the love of landscape idyllic life yearning landscape idyllic poetry   文学也是一定时代精神的反映！  最能反映唐代时代精神的便是李白的山水诗。  Before that, according to Fan Wenlan and Ding Chengquan, the earliest landscape poet was Yu Chan (about 297-351 AD), while the originator of idyllic poetry was Tao Yuanming。The reason why landscape poetry and idyllic poetry are studied together is that both landscape poetry and idyllic poetry under the Tang Dynasty's works have the meaning of Buddhism and Taoism. This is the influence of the highly developed political economy of the Tang Dynasty on the culture at that time, and the compatible culture of the Tang Dynasty has an impact on the Tang poetry。  Li Bai's landscape poetry sublimates the beauty of image through the exaggeration of romantic imagination through the great strokes of the great talents like the rafter。  He wrote about the Yellow River, "You do not see the water of the Yellow River coming from the sky, rushing to the sea and never coming back."He wrote Lushan "flying down 3,000 feet, suspected that the Milky Way fell nine days."。  尤其后者，堪称山水诗杰作而辉耀千古！  诗仙真是诗仙，将“瀑布”比作“银河”，真给人“想落天外”的感觉。  Moreover, this poem also derived a new kind of Chinese painting in later generations - "Tang poetic painting" - "Li Bai's View of Waterfall".。  In the painting, Li Bai is dressed in a plain Tang Dynasty robe，Left hand behind，The right hand slightly twisted chin，正仰头入神地观赏着眼前峭壁上飞流直下的瀑布呢！  王维“诗中有画，There is poetry in the painting."，不也同样适用于李白吗！  而且，Li Bai's landscape poems have a feeling of nostalgia，And can be integrated with their circumstances，For example, the song bleak and gloomy "Climb Jinling Phoenix Stage" : "Phoenix stage phoenix tour，Phoenix to Taikong river flow。       Wu palace flowers buried paths, Jin dynasty dress into ancient hill。       Three mountains and half fall outside the sky, a water point egret Chau。       Always for floating clouds can conceal the sun, Chang 'an does not make people sad。Qin Guan, a poet of Song Dynasty, had recovered from his illness because of Wang Wei's "Wangchuan Map" and "Wangchuan Poem", which led Su Shi to issue "a poem of Weimalakirti, in which there are paintings;Look at the painting of the poem, there is an accurate comment on the poem in the painting。   In fact, this is not excessive praise。Wang Wei's "Autumn in the mountains" is just like a light "mountain life ink painting" : "After the new rain in the mountains, the weather comes late in the autumn。Mingyue pine light, Qingquan stone upper stream。Bamboo noisy return to the female, lotus move under the fishing boat。Let the spring blossom rest, the king can stay。”   Second, the Tang Dynasty, because of the large number of poets, or because of similar characters or similar tastes, produced a profound friendship。   The friendship of Li Bai Du Fu, which is admired by later generations, is that。  Either because of his appointment or because of the official or because of relegation, he produced a farewell poem。而且由于环境心境手法的不同，从而也产生了不同风格流派的送别诗！  譬如李白的《皇冠体育比分网手机入口》： “故人西辞黄鹤楼，烟花三月下扬州。Lone sail far shadow blue sky, but see the Yangtze River sky flow。In this poem, there is none of the melancholy that usually accompanies parting。  But through the author watched his friend Meng Haoran aboard the ship has disappeared in the vast water and sky until it can not be seen。   The natural environment, coupled with Li Bai's unique poetic talent, has made this a farewell poem that is still praised by people, including landscape poetry。Because the key words and focus of this poem are "sailing shadow" and "river flow", but it is also a gift to the "deceased".。  Also a farewell poem，Wang Bo's "Sending Du Shaofu to Shu Zhou"，The scope is particularly expansive: "...Bosom friend，天涯若比邻……” “只要在海内有着自己的知己朋友，Even far away like neighbors，那又何必计较在乎团聚或离散呢！”  诗意之高华，It has a touch of stone。尤其“海内”“ 比邻”多么铿锵有力，令人丝毫看不出离别的失意惆怅！  有豪放，必有婉约；有洪波，必有细流。"Weicheng rain Yi light dust, guest house green willow color new。Advise you to do a cup of wine, west out of the sun without reason。The patter of spring rain increases the lingering melancholy of parting。It seems that in the distance, the neighing of a pair of long-distance business travelers can also be faintly heard。  Wang Wei and his friend sat opposite each other in the guest house of the thatched cottage, eyes facing each other and speechless。  From now on, the end of the world alone, really do not know when to reunite。  Regrettable is not parting, but growing old, but you and I still do nothing empty time from melancholy。 "Drink, drink, not knowing whether the future is good or bad, whether life is bitter or sweet, drink the wine of this life for a while.。Whether gathering or parting is destiny。Life is too short for any of us。但大丈夫又怎能儿女情长，为了离别而叹息垂泪呢！” “从此一别，对于你来说，人地生疏，更何况阳关以西不比繁华富庶的中原，生活的艰辛艰难可想而知。”  王维轻轻叹了一口气，为友人斟了满满一杯酒，劝慰着友人！  李商隐《皇冠体育比分网手机入口》：“……为报行人休尽折，半留相送半迎归。"And Luo Yin's" Willow "quite have the same wonderful:" Ba Bank sunny to farewell frequency, lean against each other lonely spring。  自家飞絮犹无定，争把长条绊得人！”  在唐诗中，除了“雨雪”“山水”“夕阳”“古渡”“炊烟”“月亮”“美酒”等等，“柳”也成为唐诗中的意象。  For thousands of years, we can't help but deeply admire the poets' bold and talented creation of poetic imagery。  －－柳丝象征着情思，你看，不要说我，即使那柳条也不忍你离别我呢！  而且，折柳赠柳与戴柳插柳，其后逐渐演变为中华民族的民俗－－“柳俗”。  The atmosphere is beautiful, and of course the poetry is beautiful。   Three, for free love yearning treasure love poetry。   In the first year of Zhenyuan (AD 785), Cui Hu, a native of Boling (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province), came to Chang 'an for examination。  One day, because Cui Hu was tired from studying, he went for a walk in the countryside。Thirsty want to ask for a bowl of water to drink, just see not far away there is a farm, a number of huts, a number of bamboo branches, bamboo fences, the garden rose out of the peach blossom is flourishing。 Cui Hu came to the door, raised his hand to knock on the door, saw a girl 17 or 18 years old, pretty, quiet。 The following year Qingming, Cui Hu thought of last year's affair, so he rushed to the girl's residence。  Looking through the wall, I see peach blossoms in full bloom。The scene was the same, but there was a large lock on the door。  So Cui Hu picked up the pen and wrote a poem on the door titled "Titdu City Nanzhuang" : "In this door today last year, people's faces and peach blossoms were red。       People do not know where to go, peach blossoms still smile spring breeze。A few days later, Cui Hu went to search again。  Only hearing a SOB from the courtyard, he knocked on the door and asked。  An old man came out with tears in his eyes。  Originally from the last encounter, the girl saw Cuihu born a handsome talent, then secretly fell in love with Cuihu。  But saw the door on the Cui Hu poem, expect Cui Hu will not come again, then a sick。  Cui Hu entered the room, the girl see is Cui Hu, the disease immediately better。  The old man then arranged a wedding for them。  须知，在“父母之命，媒妁之言”的封建社会，这是多么的难能可贵！  也不禁令人想起某部电影中的镜头。    Iv. Poems of an "epic" nature concerned with national suffering。   杜甫的《皇冠手机比分网官方入口》： “……穷年忧黎元，叹息肠内热……朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨……”  这首诗写于安禄山起兵叛乱之时。  His "poor years worry about Li Yuan, sigh gut heat" is similar to Qu Yuan's "long breath to cover the nose Xi, the people's livelihood of much hardship.。But he was born in the "An Shi rebellion", which is the historical turning point of the Tang Dynasty from the peak of stability to the turmoil and weakness。  Even if he had been born in good fortune, he would not have been able to carry out his political ambitions。  Only with a cavity of blood, a persistent and loyal heart, a record of the great changes in the Tang Dynasty of the people's deep suffering of the realistic giant pen, in order to compensate for the balance of his young ambitions。But "the country is unlucky, the poet is lucky", and the masterpiece is always "mussel disease into pearl" after experiencing hardship.。  In the face of the suffering of the country's turbulent people, Du Fu did not stand aloof from the world like Tao Yuanming。 "Three Officials" (" New An Official ", "Shienti Official", "Tongguan Official") and "three different" (" Newlywed farewell ", "Old age Farewell", "No home farewell") set of poems were written by Du Fu in the second year of Qianyuan (759 AD), when the "An Shi Rebellion" between the enemy and me was hard to understand。  The poem sets through the newly married husband, the old woman whose "children and grandchildren were killed", and the old woman whose "middle man" and "two men" were all killed one after another，These sad pictures of men being forced to fight，Highly summarized because of the war，The Tang central government was lax about official governance，Some local officials forced military service in the name of war, regardless of the lives of the people，He condemned the evil of the "An Shi Rebellion"，It is revealing that the boils of the ages reflect the suffering of peoples。  As Lu Xun said in "Have the Chinese lost their confidence" : "Our country since ancient times，There are people who work hard，There are people who work hard，There are people who plead for the people，There are those who sacrifice their lives for the Dharma...Although it is the so-called "official history" that is equivalent to the genealogy of emperors and generals,，And often cannot hide their glory，这就是中国的脊梁！”  即使在中华民族再置身水深火热的艰难逆境中，There is still that kind of "worry before happiness" and "worry about the world" Confucian spirit of entering the world，Du Fu Lin Zexu is one。  唐诗，真是一个绚烂的文学世界！  因为唐代是一个文化的时代诗歌的时代诗人的时代，也是一个超功利的时代。  Now we，We can not only read the unique and profound poetic talents of those authors，You can also see their sympathy for the bottom of life，Feel the soft literary warmth of the soul and the excellent but indescribable tradition of poetry writing，For example, the painting beauty of poetry, the beauty of music, the exaggerated imagination of romanticism, the depiction of realism and the use of allusions，Intervention in life，For example, the inheritance and promotion of Du Fu's poetic creation ideas and poetic value consciousness that do not shy away from the dark side of The Times mentioned above。Moreover, it is also the source of inexhaustible literary and artistic creation for later generations，譬如上文所述取材于李白诗作的“唐人诗意画”；取材于元稹《皇冠手机比分网官方入口》的王实甫《皇冠手机比分网官方入口》；取材于白居易《皇冠体育比分网手机入口》的洪昇《皇冠手机比分网官方入口》；书法创作中的书写唐诗等等！  阅读‚也是一种灵魂的遇见。  文学的魅力，正在于语言文字的魅力，以及语言文字背后的只可意会不可言传的深邃思想！  一个民族的文学史‚也即这个民族的灵魂史。Tang poem "is the best proof!"     Author Zhang Xuesong，男，1969年生，Jiangsu Rudong people，汉族，His ancestral home is Dantu, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu，Love literature，So far, he has written more than 100 essays and poems，Dozens of articles have been published in newspapers and magazines at or above the municipal level，His prose won the second prize of the third and fourth "Meet Beijing" National Literature and Art Competition and the second prize of the 12th "Bingxin Literature Prize"，Member of Nantong Writers Association, Jiangsu Province。Zhang Xuesong, Room 104, Building 9, Tongyeyuan Residential Area, 89 Digangang Renmin South Road, Rudong City, Jiangsu Province, China Postcode: 226400 E-mail: 1152076965@QQ.com